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Siegfried Trebitsch (1868–1956) was an Austrian playwright, translator, novelist and poet. Though prolific as a writer in various genres, he was best known for his German translations, especially of the works of the Irish playwright George Bernard Shaw, with whom he kept up a long and detailed correspondence. He is also known for translations of French writers, especially Georges Courteline. ==Life== Trebitsch was born on 22 December 1868, into a wealthy secular Jewish family, who "taught him nothing of Judaism of Christianity".〔 His brother Arthur Trebitsch, despite his Jewish origin, became a noted Antisemite and early supporter of the Nazis. Siegfried identified himself as a Lutheran when he registered for military service.〔Weintraub, Stanley, ''Shaw's People'', Pennsylvania State University Press, 1996, pp.204ff.〕 He entered the silk trade business of his stepfather Leopold, where he remained until 1903 when he took a year out for personal study and for travels across Europe and North Africa. While in England he personally sought out Bernard Shaw, offering to translate his works and help build the playwright's reputation in Europe. This initiated a lengthy correspondence with Shaw that lasted until the Irish writer's death, and has since been published. Trebitsch became the sole German translator of Shaw during his lifetime. Three of Shaw's plays had their world premieres in Trebitsch's German translations. ''Pygmalion'' and ''The Millionairess'' were both first performed in Vienna.〔("A Dramatist For All Seasons: George Bernard Shaw In Vienna." ) (The Oscholars )〕〔Shaw, Bernard, edited by Samuel A. Weiss (1986). ''Bernard Shaw's Letters to Siegfried Trebitsch.'' Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-1257-3, p.164.〕 His last full-length play ''Buoyant Billions'' was first performed Zürich, to which Trebitsch had moved during World War II. In 1923 Shaw rewarded Trebitsch for his efforts by translating and adapting his play ''Frau Gitta's Sühne'' into English, as ''Jitta's Atonement''. Trebitsch also cultivated links with French writers. He took up his residence in Vienna, where he built the prestigious "Villa Trebitsch" designed by Ernst Gotthilf. He married in 1907 to the Hungarian Princess Antoinette Engalitscheff, the widow of a Russian Grand Duke who had been killed in 1904 fighting the Japanese.〔 In the same year he was given honorary citizenship of the Municipality Wigstadtl in Austrian Silesia Kronlande. After World War I this became part of Czechoslovakia, so in 1920 he acquired Czech citizenship. Trebitsch was a close friend of music critic Julius Korngold, father of Erich Korngold. He once suggested to him that one of his translations, a play called ''Die stille Stadt'' (The Silent City) would make a good opera. The play was adapted by Julius and his son Erich, who composed the music. Under the title ''Die tote Stadt'' it was a major success.〔Carroll, Brendan; G.Pauly, Reinhard G., ''The Last Prodigy: A Biography of Erich Wolfgang Korngold'', Amadeus Press, Portland, 1997, p.121-3.〕 Trebitsch's relationship with his brother Arthur had become increasingly strained in the years before the First World War. Arthur was unable to replicate his brother's success as a writer, and was increasingly obsessed with the idea that there were Jewish conspiracies against him.〔Brigitte Hamann, Hitler's Vienna: A Portrait of the Tyrant as a Young Man, Tauris Parke, 2010, pp.230-33〕 In 1912, he unsuccessfully tried to sue Siegfried and the critic Ferdinand Gregori, who had written a bad review of his short stories. Siegfried had agreed with Gregori, describing Arthur's work as "amateurish" and suggesting that he suffered from "megolamania and paranoia".〔 The trial resulted in Arthur's public humiliation as the press ridiculed him. Trebitsch's own original works of this period are comparable to those of Franz Werfel, who dominated the Viennese cultural life in the 1930s. In his novels and short stories, he characterized contemporary Austrian society. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Siegfried Trebitsch」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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